Employment - Management Essay Example for Free

Employment Management Essay For the longest time I could not decide on a major and a career to study throughout college. When I came to Georgia Southern University I discovered that they had a major that was very interesting to me. Sport Management id the ideal major for my interest and me. Since I love sports I figured that this would be the career for me. A degree in Sport Management helps to prepare for success in sport related occupations. The job market varies in the field of sport management. Some occupational opportunities include: athletic trainer, coach, sports official, Sports agent, camp director, sporting goods sales/dealer, pro scout, athletic director, sport promoter. The list can go on of the opportunities in this career. Mostly anything sport related in todays business world is included also. The nature of a person in a sport management career is based solely around sports. Depending on what occupation you decide to pursue the work and conditions will differ. Some typical activities are, plan and direct athletic events, represent professional athletes, plan and direct the training of the team players, evaluate skills and potential of players, or work extensively with players, coaches, officials, managers etc. The work condition can vary with different jobs or tasks. A scout will be called on to travel about 3/4 of the time. Athletic directors handle the athletics of their prospective schools along with coaches. A sports agent working conditions can involve a lot of long hours and extended pressure. Some employment settings are colleges/universities, camps, sporting goods stores, management firms, professional teams, fitness centers and the media. The job outlook for most careers in Sport Management is fair to good. Sport Management is one of the fastest growing fields of study in the country. With that there will lots of job openings and new businesses starting. Some jobs in this field are limited. For instance, anything dealing with professional teams is limited due to the number of sports teams. Successes in the teams help with salary and benefits for the employees. Most jobs in the sport management field are setup to where an employee must work his or her way up the ladder. For example, the job may ask the employee to assist in work and the salaries are not as high. In some jobs such as being a general manager of a professional team the job is to an extent being in the right place at the right time. Careers in sport management require some necessary in order to be successful. Being able to communicate effectively is a very important skill in this career. Giving Speeches is one part of communication that is important. Decision Making, Organizing, Leading/Coordinating and being able to motivate others is also critical in the career. Qualifications for most jobs require a bachelors degree, sport experience and management training.

The Reformation Essay Example for Free

The Reformation Essay Gabriel Mà ¼tzenburg in his article Calvin and the Swiss Reformers ( p442 The Lion Handbook of Christian Belief) says that :- The Reformation was a reawakening. It was not basically an attempt at theoretical speculation and research. It was experience. Long before the well known reformers Martin Luther and John Calvin came along there had been criticism of the church. In 1378 there came the great Schism , one of the results of which was that Christians saw for the first time that it was possible to go to war against someone whom others saw as the true Pope. In 1418 the church was united under one pope once more, but damage to papal authority had been severe. Authority was too centralized and the granting of benefices had come to depend much more on the petitioner involved rather than the needs of the faithful church members. John Huss, a Bohemian, had been burned at the stake in 1415 for his opposition to the church when he taught that ordinary men and women could , by living virtuous lives, be more truly priests than some ordained to that position. His followers turned away from shrines and worship of the crucifix as being merely manmade rather than worthy of true worship. According to McNair in his article ‘Seeds of Renewal’ the problem had been building up for at least one hundred years. The church was seen as too rich, when many church goers were poor. The sacraments of baptism, marriage and funerals were considered essential by the church, but these processes were expensive for those who wanted them. There was corruption both in individual priests, even popes, and in the system as a whole, where corruption was condoned. In the upper ranks of the clergy many were worldly and ambitious, and had little time to spare for such tasks as the care of souls while the lower ranks contained those who were idle and ignorant. These were the facts in the late middle ages. This criticism came from within the church and what was wanted was reform. However this eventually led to the outright rebellion we now call the Reformation. Not that the church was wholly corrupt, there was much good work going on, but from this distance in time it is difficult to perceive the piety and goodness that was also present. Having said that many bishops and abbots were also secular rulers and this became the dominant feature of their lives in lots of cases. The church at this time was under other threats to its stability in the form of attacks from the Muslim Turks and from the Black Death, both of which occurred from the mid-fourteenth century and were seen by many as God’s punishment for the failings of the Catholic church. Another important development was the rise of the Devotio Moderna movement. This was a form of spiritual revival in the church of Northern Europe which concentrated upon personal involvement and social action. I t consisted of groups of men and women who lived together in poverty and obedience, but without taking any form of vows. In this group ordinary working people found that they could express their religious life. Thomas à   Kempis was a member of one such collective. They modelled themselves on the example of the apostles. The teaching of this movement, freely available to all who could read, prepared the way for the Reformation of the church. People at the time had a very real fear of punishment that they believed they would receive in Purgatory, for the church taught that before ascending to heaven the soul must be cleansed of every sin. At the same time they accepted the authority of the Pope as having been handed down through Christ to St Peter and his successors. But the Pope and his church taught that those who sinned in life would spend many years in Purgatory before they reached Heaven. It is no wonder that they sought Indulgences – a means on earth to reduce their time in Purgatory. Johann Tetzel was sent to Germany to sell indulgences in 1516. According to the theology of the time an indulgence was remission of punishment for sin – the sinner confesses and receives absolution. In October 1517 Martin Luther wrote to his local archbishop complaining about the sale of such indulgences. He enclosed what became known as the 95 theses – a series of scholarly arguments about the practices then current in the church. When he nailed these same theses to the door of Witternberg church it was a symbolic act of protest. This was not so much an act of rebellion as a plea for reform from within. Luther felt that forgiveness was God’s prerogative, not that of men to be bought and sold. What he wanted was a deepening of spirituality within the church. He is quoted by James Atkinson in The Lion book of Christian Belief ( page 439) as saying ‘I simply say that true Christianity had ceased to exist among those who should have preserved it – the bishops and scholars.’ He eventually came to feel that the Reformation was much more than a protest against corruption, but a battle for the truth of the Gospel. So important was this to him that he stated that he would give up every point to the Pope, if only the Pope affirmed the truth of the Gospel and in particular the doctrine of justification by faith i.e. that Christ’s own goodness is imputed to believers and on this ground alone do they receive salvation. Indeed he describes himself as, before this matter had arisen, as ‘one of the right frantic and raving papists’ in his book of 1545, ‘Doctor Martin Luther to the Christian Reader’. By criticizing the church on this one point, the sale of indulgences, he endangered the whole basis of the authority of the church. If it was wrong on this one point who could say on which other points it might also be wrong. Its riches for instance were not only in contrast to what the majority had, they were in contrast to what Christ had had, and with what he had taught. This idea of putting Christ first, rather than the works of men, rather weakened the power of the priest as mediator and weighed heavily against the systems of church at that time. Luther was urged to recant, but refused to do so and went into hiding at Wartburg, which is where he translated the whole New Testament in a very short time. The word quickly spread and in several countries of Western Europe the authority of the church came into question. Ordinary people who came to believe in this spiritual freedom of the individual also came to think that it might mean political freedom and took up arms to fight for such freedom in 1525. This time the secular as well as religious powers took up the arguments. Lay men, the princes and rulers of German states, were for the first time ready to clash with the church and eventually reject it altogether. According to ‘The Christian World’ p.172, historians have argued too that the new merchant class that had gradually emerged in the middle ages had no political role and needed to create one. New ideas, in particular humanistic ones, were going about which vied with the church’s dogmatic approach. Luther’s appeal to the Bible, to the will of God and to man’s individual relationship with God, led to steps that he would never have originally dreamt of. One of those steps was Calvinism, with its strict doctrines of election i.e. God has pre-ordained people for salvation. Another was the Puritanism that developed in England a little later, which according to the dictionary was a form of extreme moral vigour with an hostility to social pleasures and indulgences. Luther began a new translation of the Bible into German in 1517 despite the fact that Archbishop Berthold of Mainz had, in 1486, banned all unauthorized printing of sacred books in his diocese, as he felt that the German language was unsuited to the task., and that lay people, who did not have knowledge of the Latin and Greek needed to read the Latin and Greek Bible available, would not be able to understand the Bible anyway. When this new Bible became available many thought that if the Bible contained the word of God why should not its readers, the laity, decide for themselves about religious matters. Luther firmly believed in the importance of the scriptures being available to all. At night always carry in your heart something from Holy Scriptures to bed with you, meditate upon it like a ruminant animal, and go softly to sleep; but this must not be too much, rather a little that may be well pondered and understood, that you may find a remnant of it in your mind when you rise in the morning. As a result of such thinking for many private devotion became the centre of their Christian life, rather than the sacraments of the church. It served another rather different purpose as this common use of language eventually bought about a united Germany from the many tiny states then present. Over the next 25 years Luther produced many books in powerful and vivid German that could be understood by ordinary people. His translation of the Bible served to convince many that his arguments were sound. Protestant ideas spilled over into neighbouring states such as the cantons of Switzerland. One of these, Zurich, was where Ulrich Zwingli , 1484 – 1531, also led a campaign in opposition to indulgences. Although a Catholic priest he bought in Luther’s ideas and by 1523 the canton was the first Protestant state outside Germany. His theology was based on one principle, if something wasn’t in the scriptures then it should not be believed or practised. It was on this principle that he based his argument against indulgences. His theology involved a literal reading of the scriptures so that there could be only one meaning ascribed. It also meant that those practices which were contained in scripture were to be followed uncritically. It is on the basis of such thoughts that the first pilgrims set out for America and such ideas persist in society to this day. Zwingli was priest during a terrible attack of plague. I t bought him to believe that though his flock were in great physical danger from the disease they were in even greater danger because of their spiritual weakness. Luther was not Zwingli and there were differences in their beliefs. Luther was not willing to give up Catholic ceremonies and on the subject of the nature of the Eucharist they totally disagreed. Luther held to the Catholic view that the bread and wine literally became the body and blood of Christ whereas Zwingli held that it was merely a symbol. The Protestant churches tended to emphasise the spirituality of Christ and felt that this idea of actual body and blood over emphasised his humanity. This dispute led to Philip of Hesse, who wanted an alliance with Switzerland, calling the two together in 1519 at his Marburg castle. However the differences were irreconcilable and the reformed church , within a few decades, had split into dozens of tiny pieces. Zwingli was eventually killed in battle with those Swiss cantons who had decided to remain part of the Catholic church. John Calvin 1509 – 1564, a French man from Picardy, came along a little later. He went even further than both Luther and Zwingli, basing his theology on the total subservience of man’s will to that of God’s. God preordained, for his own glory and the display of His attributes of mercy and justice, a part of the human race, without any merit of their own, to eternal salvation, and another part, in just punishment of their sin, to eternal damnation. He arrived in Geneva in 1535, fresh from studies in the universities of France – studies that would have included new humanistic ideas. He was such a dedicated ascetic that eventually he ruined his health. Though still only a young man, he set about turning it into a city of God on earth. It was later described as ‘The Protestant Rome’ by Mà ¼tzenberg. After much persecution he was forced to flee to Basel, which is where he wrote his famous ‘Institutes of the Christian Religion.’, first published in 1536 and later expanded. This he addressed in a preface to King Francis I on behalf of the French Hugenots. It was this great work, added to throughout his life, that set Calvin up as a great leader. Calvin’s reforms meant that churches changed physically. The pulpit, where God’s word was declaimed, and applied to the life of the community became the centre of worship rather than the alter. There were three essential parts to their worship – baptism, preaching and the sharing of communion. Also in Switzerland at the time was John Oecolampadius from Basel, who was very determined upon the independence of the church from the state. He had some influence upon Calvin, but was closer to Zwingli. Calvin believed in marriage rather than clerical celibacy and married the widow of an Anabaptist. The Anabaptists were so named because of their practice of re-baptising those who had been baptised in infancy, when, as adults they confessed to a personal faith. They considered infant baptism as being invalid because the child concerned had no say in the matter. Luther on the other hand held that infants had hidden faith, just as adults were still saved when they were unconscious or asleep. Anabaptists were considered to be among the more radical of the dissenting groups. They saw the New Testament church as basically congregational and so urged that each group of believers be independent of the others and held that they should be totally free from state, either in the form of support or control. It seems that Calvin really treasured his wife and even considered her a helper in his ministry. The five points of Calvinism which carry his name were in fact produced by the Synod of Nort. They do however reflect his idea that God is able to save everyone on whom he has mercy and this does not depend upon their abilities. Calvin suffered such poor health that he was at times actually carried to the pulpit and even preached from his bedroom. Anabaptist was also used as a general term of abuse for those seen as in opposition to the church. Calvin was succeeded by Theodore Beza ( 1519 -1605) After announcing that he was a Protestant in 1559 Beza was made professor of Greek at Lausanne University. He became a leading advisor to the Huguenots in France. His aim was to establish the Reformed faith across Europe, but especially in France. In the Netherlands Luther and his writing were an inspiration to many. As early as 1523 people were being martyred for their adherence to the new faith. Those who accepted adult baptism despite having been baptized as infants were among them. Later it was Calvin’s influence with his doctrine of predestination that would rule. But Spain ruled the Low Countries at that time and the king of Spain was firmly opposed to Protestantism. This lead to a call for independence and 100,000 people were said to have died in the struggle, but eventually in 1584 the northern Netherlands formed a Federation under the rule of William the Silent. This new church however soon split because of the teaching of Arminius (1560 – 1609) professor of theology at Leiden. He said that though God wanted all to be saved he still allowed man to have free will. At first he was condemned for this, but he insisted that his view was a Biblical one and eventually such thoughts became tolerated and in 1795 were officially accepted by the Syndod. This was a big move from Calvin’s predestination of only the elect.. John Huss’s followers supported Luther at first, but most soon switched to Calvinism. In Poland the two sides managed to reach an amicable understanding. There were however internal rumblings, some caused by the ideas of Socinus, who among other things went so far as denying the deity of Christ. An important figure there was Menno Simons, a former Catholic priest and founder of the Mennonites. As a priest he conducted the mass, baptized infants, heard confessions and prayed. What the did not do was read the scriptures as he had been taught, according to Ronald Gordon, that only the Pope could correctly interpret the Bible. He first began to have doubts about papal infallibility with regard to the doctrine of Transubstantiation i.e. the belief that during the mass the bread and wine actually become the body and blood of Christ. This had first become an official doctrine in 1215 and affirmed in the 16th century during the Council of Trent which was convened on several occasions in response to the Protestant Reformation. Menno was one of many who could see with their own eyes that bread remained bread and wine the produce of the grape, though he acknowledged the huge symbolism of these elements. He was influenced by his readings of Luther’s works and came to believe that the Scriptures were more important than any man made laws, even if that man be the pope himself. He could find no evidence for infant baptism in scripture, though others claimed that it was the equivalent of circumcision and meant that the parents would vow to bring up the child in a Christian home. Yet for some time he continued to baptise babies – an example of the confusion that resulted in honest men when radical new ideas were met for the first time. Menno was aware of men dying for their faith, while he continued to practise what he no longer really believed. In 1536 he finally resigned as priest and became an Anabaptist, but had to immediately go into hiding for a year, a time which he used to mediate upon the doctrines involved. Eventually he was asked to become leader of the Anabaptists in the Netherlands. In later years he married and formulated a theology that was in many ways orthodox, but did not include practises that were not scriptural. The modern huge denomination of Baptists began with a single congregation in Amstersdam made up of exiled English people. The Baptist soon split into those ( the Arminians) who believed that Christ died for all , and those ( the Calvinists) who believed in salvation only for the elect. In Germany Anabaptists, led by the Dutchman John of Leyden, forcibly took over the running of the town of Muenster, which they did according to what they felt were Christian principles. The changes were not welcomed and anarchy followed, forcing many to flee to Holland. In England the Reformation took a rather different course. Henry VIII wanted a divorce from his wife Catherine of Aragon in order to marry the younger, and still fertile Anne Boleyn. The Pope refused, but the Archbishop granted the divorce and in 1534 Henry was made supreme head of the Church by an act of Parliament. There were few to oppose him and so the country broke away from the power of the pope. The monasteries held much of the wealth of the Catholic church in the country and so the monks became seen as enemies of the king. He decided to get rid of them – an act now known as the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Wherever there was any sign of corruption such as married monks or pregnant nuns this gave him his excuse. It became a nationwide scourge starting with the small monasteries and eventually moving to the larger ones. A few leading churchmen were executed , but most received pensions – the Abbot of the huge Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire received  £100 a year for life according to Chris Trueman – a huge sum at the time. The only real opposition to this wholesale destruction was the Pilgrimage of Grace led by lawyer Robert Aske in 1536. Henry promised to look into the complaints of the many thousands of pilgrims, but nothing was actually done and Aske was starved to death in chains. In some ways there was little immediate change in the church – most prayers were still in Latin and priests were still not allowed to marry, unlike the Protestant clergy in other lands. These changes took much longer to come about. We can see from all this that the Reformation was no the result of one man’s, or even several men’s actions, but came about because of a number of very different factors. It is also obvious that though various groups were influenced by others, especially by Luther and Calvin, the resulting manifestations of the Reformed church varied considerably, both in their beliefs and practices. Some of these have persisted and other have been modified with time, but either way there has been no going back to many of the practices of medieval Catholicism. Changes were necessary, but need not have resulted in such splintering and diversity if Catholic church had properly addressed the problems within at the time. Some changes were for purely religious reasons, others had political overtones and yet others were as a result of more personal reasons as in the case of Henry VIII. Between them these changes altered forever the religious political, geographical and even linguistic face of Europe. When the church started out in the first century people had to make a deliberate choice to become Christians, often this meant turning their backs on the faith they had been born to, but as time went on had , for some at least, just become an automatic occurrence – your parents were Christian and so you were. With the Reformation once again Faith became something one was no longer born into, but was the result of a personal relationship with God. Bibliography and Works Cited Barraclogh, G. editor The Christian World, New York, Harry N. Abrams Inc. Publishers, 1981 Calvin , J. The Institutes of the Christian Religion published in Latin in1536 and later expanded by him. English, D.et al, editors, The Lion Handbook of Christian Belief, Tring, Hertfordshire, Lion Books, 1988 McNair, P. Seeds of Renewal article in The History of Christianity, Tring, Hertfordshire, Lion Books, 1977 Electronic Sources Calvin, J. Quotations found 24th May 2007 at http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/john_calvin.html Gordon, R. Menno Simons found 25th May 2007 at http://www.cob-net.org/text/history_menno.htm Hooker, R. Zwingli, Ulrich found 23rd May 2007 at http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/REFORM/ZWINGLI.HTM Luther, M. Doctor Martin Luther to the Christian Reader, 1545 found 25th May 2007 at http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/wittenberg/luther/luther-reader.txt Luther, M. Quotations found 24t5h May 2007 at http://www.quotationspage.com/search.php3?Search=Author=Martin+LutherC =colesC=lindslyC=poorcC=netC=devilsC=contribpage=2 Martin Luther found 25th May 2007 at http://www.educ.msu.edu/homepages/laurence/reformation/Luther/Luther.htm Puritanism, definition, found 23rd May 2007 at http://www.answers.com/Puritanism Trueman,C. The Reformation found 25th May 2007 at http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/reformation.htm Schaff, P. Luther’s translation of the Bible found 23rd May 2007 at http://www.bible-researcher.com/luther02.html

Touch Screen Alarm Clock Marketing Plan

Touch Screen Alarm Clock Marketing Plan The latest technological gadgets have gained immense popularity in the last few years and the customers are eager to try out new products and services. Considering the increasing demand of touch screen alarm clock as identified by Brandon (2010), our company will be introducing this product in the market and will ensure that it successfully meets the requirements of every customer by charging reasonable price for the product range. Market Research findings Since the business environment is becoming fierce and competitive, it has become vital for the companies to carry out a market research before launching the product in the market (Ranjhita, 2011). With the help of the research, it was found that touch screen alarm clock has huge potential for the new entrants and entry barriers are relatively low (Cako, 2005). In US, every top ranked brand is offering its products but there are some areas where people have limited access to these clocks. The three areas identified by our company are Ohio, Florida and California; the geographic segmentation has been done to get a clear picture of the type of customers that the company will be targeting. From the analysis of the research findings, it is decided that the brand name will be Express Alarm Clock and it will comprise of two models on the basis of features. One model will be simple with less features and other will be with complicated and extremely high technical features. The other aspects of the marketing plan are discussed below in detail. Target Market In order to reach the right market, it is important that the target market is decided beforehand which will ensure that there will be certain number of consumers who would be willing to buy the product (Flink, 2011). The target market of this new touch screen Alarm Clock is as follows: Gender: Male and Female Age: 8 years and above Income: $30,000 and above Lifestyle: Depending on the life cycle stage; young children and adults are fun-loving, adventurous and technologically savvy. Older people i.e. 40 years and above prefer to have simple technical gadgets with easy to understand features. Occupation: Depends on the life cycle stage but would mainly comprise of students, part-time or full-time employed people, professionals and housewives Positioning Statement Since every brand is developed with the aim of creating distinctive image in the market, its positioning needs to be accurately done so that the customers are communicated the message appropriately (Ferrell Heartline, 2008). The positioning statement of Express Alarm Clock is to be the number one touch screen alarm clock with simplistic features, durable quality and advanced functionalities that will allow the users to carry the gadget everywhere easily and with utmost ease. Product offerings Initially, there will be two models launched in the market to meet the demands of the touch screen alarm clock market. Every customer is looking for affordable touch screen alarm clocks, so the company will introduce two models; one will be priced for economical customers and other will be priced for brand conscious and high quality product customers. The two types of product offerings with their descriptions are given below: Simple Express Alarm Clock This product will be used simply for alarm setting purposes. It will be performing only this function and maximum five alarms can be easily set in this clock. The main target for this clock is older people who are looking for touch screen alarm clocks with easy to use features so that they can use the gadget without difficulty. LED Express Alarm Clock This model will have all the features that the customers are looking for in such alarm clocks. The design of the model has been done with perfection so that the customers love its style and design and get attracted to the product at once. The amazing features of the clock are MP3 player, Built-in FM radio and Wi-Fi along with alarm clock setting. Pricing Strategy As there are so many competitors in the touch screen alarm clock industry such as Sony, Apple, Sharp, Timex, Android, Westclox and many more, it is important that the pricing strategy is selected in accordance with the competitors. As the company is new in the market, it should either follow competitive pricing or cost plus pricing (Ernst, Hoyer RÃ ¼bsaamen, 2010). Both of the models will follow competitive pricing so that the customers can easily compare the product features and all other aspects and ensure that they make adequate purchasing decision. The price of Simple Express Alarm Clock will be $10 and LED Express Alarm Clock will be $25. Simple Express Alarm Clock will be available in Black, Blue and Green colors and LED Express Alarm Clock will be available in Blue, Red and Black colors. Distribution Strategy The distribution strategy is one of the key components of the complete marketing plan as the only way to reach the target market is to choose compatible distribution locations (Sikdar VEL, 2010). The products of the company will be available in two places to ensure that every customer has easy access to them. First of all, the products will be available at the consumer shopping centers and retail stores such as Wal-Mart, Target, Costco and many more. The other distribution network that will be used is the companys website. Any customer who is looking for the touch screen alarm clock online will have to just visit our site, review various options available for them and make final decision after carefully evaluating all options offered by the company. However, the distribution will be done only in Ohio, Florida and California. After success of the products, the company might expand into other regions after carefully surveying the markets. Promotion Strategy The promotional strategy will ensure that the desired message is communicated to the target audience with accuracy so that the sales level can be successfully achieved (Flink, 2011). The foremost aim of the promotion strategy is to create awareness about the companys presence in the market and it will make use of complementary mediums so that the customers can develop an association with the brand. Initially, the advertising mediums that will be used are Television Commercials, advertisements in newspapers and billboards along with flyers, posters and advertisements in the leading magazines. Similarly, a trade show will be organized on the commercial street so that it can create awareness about its presence in the market. In order to be present on Internet, the stores website will be developed and all information about the company will be provided on the site. As the latest trend in the market is of social media marketing, our company will develop a webpage on social networking sites such as Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn and Orkut so that the customers can start talking about the products on our community page. There are various discussion forums as well where people gather and discuss about the products and services of different companies and give their viewpoints about them as well. The social media will be beneficial for our company as it will enhance our online presence and increase the sales amount at an accelerating rate (Weber, 2007). In order to attract our customers, we will offer various attractive packages such as discount packages, gifts for purchasing products of more than $100, arrange contests to distribute various prizes to the customers and give special offers to the loyal customers. We will introduce loyalty cards for our customers who will keep on purchasing new products that are launched by our company on continuous basis. The marketing efforts of the company will be reviewed monthly as the technological advancements take place on an ongoing basis and new products are introduced quickly as well. The initial source of evaluation for the company will be the difference in the estimated and actual sales of the product (Ferrell Heartline, 2008). On the website, the customers will be allowed to give their feedback about the product features and the existing customers will be asked to participate in the survey of the touch screen alarm clocks. Sales and Service Strategy As the touch screen alarm clocks will be developed with latest technology and will have new and unique features, it is vital for our company to have an effective after sales and customer service strategy. With the help of this strategy, we will have a well-trained and competent sales force who will ensure that each customers complaints are properly handled and they are provided instant solutions to their problems. After selling the products to our customers, our sales representatives will call them after one month of purchasing to get their feedback about the products. With the help of this survey, we will be able to monitor the performance of our products and it will ensure that we take appropriate step in case of any problems so that the customers are relieved of their worries. In order to make sure that each of our customers is satisfied with his/her purchasing decision, we will offer one year warranty card and will entertain our customers aptly so that they become our loyal customers.

Rainman Essay -- essays research papers

Barry Levinson brings us a Raymond, very moving character in the movie Raymond Babbitt. Raymond is a grown man that is Autistic. Raymond may be grown up but he lacks certain sociable skills, making communication very difficult. He has a hard time understanding and answer questions. Because of Raymond’s handicap he is unable to progress into a new person. Raymond’s limitations give the movie boundaries. Levinson uses the idea of not allowing this character to change to affect the other characters in this story. The character that is most affected is Raymond’s brother, Charlie. At the beginning Charlie is frustrated and short on cash, his father has died and Charlie received no inheritance, his father had left it all to Charlie’s unknown brother, Raymond. When Charlie first meets Raymond he thinks it is a big joke, the way Raymond acts. Although, all he can seem to think about is why no one ever told him that he had a brother. Charlie makes it out to seem li ke he really wants to take Raymond in with him and take care of him, at this point Charlie is taking Raymond from the institute where he is being taken care of in hopes of trading Raymond back for part of his inheritance. When he is refused, Charlie runs off with Raymond beginning a cross-country journey that would change Charlie completely. The beginning of the movie shows Charlie as a money motivated guy. He was only in it for the quick buck, you soon find out that his business is suffering and is having many problems. T...

Should Abortion Clinics be Closed? :: social issues

Should Abortion Clinics be Closed? In 1973, the supreme court decision known as Roe v. wade, made it possible for woman to get safe, legal abortions from well-trained medical practitioners and therefore led to dramatic decreases in pregnancy-related injury and death. Now the policy proposal has been done to close up abortion clinics. We are against this proposal and we will give you some arguments why we think abortion clinics in this state should not be closed. Closing up abortion clinics enables a lot of woman to have an abortion. Having an abortion should be woman’s own choice. But when there are no providers of abortion around, that choice has already been made for her. Closing up the clinics will higher the barriers of having an abortion. But when the barriers are too high, this means that for some woman, the right to make their own choices in life, is taken away from them. The constitution says we have a right on Privacy, so taking away a woman’s chance to make decisions over her own body and life, infringes with that right. In 1973 the American Supreme Court ruled that American’s right to privacy included the right of a woman to decide whether to have children, and the right of a woman and her doctor to make that decision without state interference. Closing up abortion clinics violates that right woman have. The ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union) is the nation’s preeminent defender of the Constitution and The Bill of Rights, they defend the rights of all. The ACLU has protected the right of woman to choose abortion, and in recent years has argued the key cases opposing restrictions that deny woman access to reproductive health care. Policy 263 states: â€Å"The ACLU holds that every woman, as a matter of her right to the enjoyment of life, liberty, and privacy, should be free to determine whether and when to bear children.† Closing up abortion clinics will be done with the purpose to reduce the number of abortions. This raises the question whether this will be effective. Before 1973 abortion was illegal. Criminalization of abortion did not reduce the number of woman who sought abortion. What is known is that between 1880 and 1973 many thousands of woman died or suffered serious medical problems after attempting to self-induce their abortions, or going to untrained practitioners who performed cheap abortions with primitive methods or in unsanitary conditions.

Majority Rule and Minority Rights Essay -- protecting minorities

Majority rule can often lead to tyranny because of the pursuit of the majorities’ interests; however, with the Supreme Court and its interpretation of the Constitution, minority groups are often able to rule over the unjust majority. Majority rule is essential in a democracy and having limits does not contradict the majority’s power. The principles of majority rule can be upheld while the rights of minorities are protected as long as justice is maintained through the checks on majority factions and justified court rulings. Though the government wants majority rule to be upheld, majority factions are often proved dangerous due to the fact that they may strip the rights of minorities. In Federalist No. 10, Madison states, â€Å"When a majority is included in a faction, the form of popular government, on the other hand, enables it to sacrifice to its ruling passion or interest both the public good and the rights of other citizens† to explain how the existence of large factions can be detrimental to the public good (72). In Chapter 1 of On Liberty, Mill states, â€Å"†¦.‘the tyranny of the majority’ is now generally included among the evils against which society requires to be on its guard† to signify how the principle of majority rule can lead to the â€Å"tyranny of the majority†, also known as when the power of the majority oppresses a minority group (96). Both Mill and Madison introduce how the concept of a majority rule can harm the interests of the people outs ide the â€Å"majority†. A more concise example is given in Martin Luther King’s letter from Birmingham Jail; in his letter, King describes the atrocities the African Americans face on a daily basis due to the majority opinion that African Americans are not of equal standing as the whites. K... .... San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 75-78. Print. King Jr., Martin Luther. â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail.† 1963. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 13-20. Print. Madison, James. â€Å"The Federalist No. 10.† 1787. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 71-74. Print. Mill, John Stuart. â€Å"Chapter 1: Introductory from On Liberty.† 1859. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 95-100. Print. Plessy v. Ferguson. 163 U.S. 537 U.S. Supreme Court. 1896. Rpt. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 175-185. Print. Majority Rule and Minority Rights Essay -- protecting minorities Majority rule can often lead to tyranny because of the pursuit of the majorities’ interests; however, with the Supreme Court and its interpretation of the Constitution, minority groups are often able to rule over the unjust majority. Majority rule is essential in a democracy and having limits does not contradict the majority’s power. The principles of majority rule can be upheld while the rights of minorities are protected as long as justice is maintained through the checks on majority factions and justified court rulings. Though the government wants majority rule to be upheld, majority factions are often proved dangerous due to the fact that they may strip the rights of minorities. In Federalist No. 10, Madison states, â€Å"When a majority is included in a faction, the form of popular government, on the other hand, enables it to sacrifice to its ruling passion or interest both the public good and the rights of other citizens† to explain how the existence of large factions can be detrimental to the public good (72). In Chapter 1 of On Liberty, Mill states, â€Å"†¦.‘the tyranny of the majority’ is now generally included among the evils against which society requires to be on its guard† to signify how the principle of majority rule can lead to the â€Å"tyranny of the majority†, also known as when the power of the majority oppresses a minority group (96). Both Mill and Madison introduce how the concept of a majority rule can harm the interests of the people outs ide the â€Å"majority†. A more concise example is given in Martin Luther King’s letter from Birmingham Jail; in his letter, King describes the atrocities the African Americans face on a daily basis due to the majority opinion that African Americans are not of equal standing as the whites. K... .... San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 75-78. Print. King Jr., Martin Luther. â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail.† 1963. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 13-20. Print. Madison, James. â€Å"The Federalist No. 10.† 1787. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 71-74. Print. Mill, John Stuart. â€Å"Chapter 1: Introductory from On Liberty.† 1859. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 95-100. Print. Plessy v. Ferguson. 163 U.S. 537 U.S. Supreme Court. 1896. Rpt. In Dimensions of Culture 2: Justice. Ed. Valerie Hartouni, Robert Horwitz and John Skrentny. San Diego: University Readers, 2011. 175-185. Print.

Personailty Disorders in the Workplace

People with personality disorders characteristic tend to have chronic inflexible styles of perceiving themselves, and interacting with others varies. (Ward, 2004) Personality disorders are typically some of the most challenging mental disorders to treat, because they are part of an individual and their self-perception. Treatment according to Ward, (2004), most often focuses on increasing coping skills, and interpersonal relationship skills. This paper will discuss a few of these disorders, such as Antisocial Personality, Borderline Personality disorders, and Insomnia.I will attempt to describe the various disorders and how they affect employer/employees in the workplace. We will look at the symptom logy observed by co-workers and/or supervisors for those with the different disorders. I will provide similarities and difference in how supervisors or co-workers would intervene with people with these disorders. The end result will be to provide appropriate organizational intervention str ategies for those living with these disorders. Antisocial Personality Disorders (APD) According to (Babiak, and Hare. 2006).Personality disorder behavior, is like a disease, is antiquity, and nothing about it changes. Antisocial personality disorder (APD) is one of the disorders describe in the Psychopath in the Workplace: A Cautionary Tale, written by Paul Babiak and Robert D. Hare. The authors describe how a common misconception is that antisocial disorder refers to people who have poor social skills. On the contrary, the opposite is often the case, instead, APD is characterized by a lack of conscience people with this disorder are prone to criminal behavior, believing that their victims are weak and deserving of being taken advantage of. Babiak, and Hare, 2006) Antisocial tend to lie and steal according to the authors. Often, they are careless with money and take action without thinking about consequences. They can sometimes become aggressive and are much more concerned with thei r own needs then the needs of others. â€Å"They may appear to be superior. † Candidates for business leadership position and many of them rise to the positions of power and influence in business community. † (p. 2) The authors express how a socially facile psychopath may expertly deceive the average person. Snakes in suits† is the term the authors used to describe an antisocial person. (p. 2)They give descriptive lucid, richly detailed guide for corporate business professionals who are interested in understanding how important and often unrecognized behavior syndrome is acted out in the workplace. They believe this knowledge and information they give in their book Snakes in Suits: When Psychopaths Go To Work is essential if â€Å"socially responsible and ethical individuals are to protect themselves and their organization against ruthless, fraudulent, manipulative behavior. (P. 2. ) It’s imperative that leaders and employees become aware and knowledgeable of this behavior if they are to protect themselves and their resources from exploitation. (Babiak, and Hare, 2006) These individual may appear impressive, because of their motivated ambitiousness, social charm, and self-confidence, yet closer observation of their behavior and inspection of their motives reveals that they posses qualities of ruthless exploitations deceitfulness, pathological lying, and a wiliness to use antisocial and even criminal behavior to achieve their goals. Babiak, and Hare, 2006) According to Babiak, &Hare (2006) the symptoms that antisocial personality disorder display, and should be observed by leaders, and employees are as followed:  ·Disregard for the feelings of others  ·Impulsive and irresponsible decision-making  ·Lack of remorse for harm done to others  ·Lying, stealing, other criminal behavior  ·Disregard for the safety of self and others Borderline Personality Disorders Borderline personality disorders are described by Babiak, & Hare,(200 6), characterized by mood instability and poor self-image.This disorder, according to the authors was named because it was originally thought to be at â€Å"borderline† of psychosis. The disorder is relatively common, affecting 2% of adults. Women are more likely to suffer borderline than men. Nearly 20% of psychiatric hospitalizations are due to this disorder. (Babiak, and Hare 2006) People with this disorder are prone to having mood swings and or bouts of anger. Often taking anger out on themselves, causing pain and injury to their own body. They are suicidal, and think in black and white terms, which often form intense, conflict-ridden relationships.They are quick to anger when their expectations are not met. The symptoms that employers/employees may observe are: Self-injury or attempted suicide Strong feelings of anger, anxiety or depression that last for several hours Impulsive behavior Drugs or alcohol abuse Feelings of low self-worth Unstable relationships with friends , family, and boyfriends/ girlfriends and co-workers Treatment could involve therapy in which the patient learns to talk through his/her feelings rather than unleashing them in destructive and self-defeating ways.Medication may be helpful, and treatment of any alcohol or substance abuse issued should be required. Insomnia We have looked at Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD), and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, now I would like to prevent Insomnia, a disorder that is profound and many people suffer everyday because of it. According to authors of Handbook of Mental Health, Insomnia in the workplace is characterized by many different behaviors. People who suffer from insomnia call into work more because they are sick more.Insomnia can have a negative affects on the workplace, reducing the ability of affected employees to maintain adequate productivity and safety on the job, impairing their overall quality of life. (Thomas, and Hensen, 2002 p. 351) People who suffer f rom insomnia are slower to complete assignments and short attention spans. Some people even put themselves and co-workers into dangerous situation if they are driving or working heavy machinery. Treatments for insomnia is commonly bought at most grocery stores. Sleep aid like â€Å"SleepyTime† can be purchased easy to help sleep.However, using medication can cause addiction, and cover up what’s really the problem. Psychological treatment can aid in getting to the â€Å"root† of the problem. (Thomas, & Henson, 2002 p. 358). Durand, & Barlow, (2010), created a list of psychological treatments for insomnia, which are; cognitive, guided imagery relaxation, graduated extension, paradoxical intention, and progressive relaxation. (Durand and Barlow, 2010, p 332) Leaders and employees who need to recognize the symptoms and behavior that an Insomniac may display: Lateness Absent Sleeping on the jobPre occupied Unmotivated Bosses and co-workers who are aware of each other â€Å"normal’ work habits can observe and offer intervention, and resources that can help people with this disorder strive for effective treatment. (Thomas, & Henson , 2002, p. 363). Supervisory Intervention When considering intervention, Employee Assistance Programs (EAP’s) maybe one of the more comprehensive means of addressing psychopath in the workplace. (Thomas, & Hensen, 2004). Organizational leadership can play a tremendous role in the implementation of treatment modalities in the workplace.The members of the Leadership should make as many attempts as needed and possible to maintain and environment with minimal stressors. Leaders and organizations that have the holistic well-being of everyone involved, should implement healthy, well being programs, that are designed to improve productivity for everyone involved. Supervisors must observe, and realize the impact of unhealthy behavior to the organization, like cost, law suits, accidents, violence, and decrease of production and increase in expenses due to sickness / work compensation.Supervisors need to focus and observe behavior respectful approach the situation, without alienating or making the person feel as if gossip or singling out is not the goal. Leaders need to be empathic, and genuinely concern with ones well-being; excellent communication skills and being well informed could enhance the probability of the person with the disorder agree to intervention. EAP programs are designed to address a multitude of issues that plague the workplace. The programs and find alternative resolution, to help elevate stresses that prevent productivity.Furthermore, employees have an obligation to themselves, as well as their employers. Telling someone that a problem exists could save time, money, and mental illnesses. Observing a fellow employee who is having difficulties should be reported to supervisors, and not gossip about amongst fellow employees Subsequently, we all must become responsible for t he healthy well-being of ourselves and find balance in our personal lives, in order to live stress free and well- rounded.References 1) Durand V. M, & Barlow D. H. , (2010) Essential of Abnormal Psychology , Belmont, CA, Wadsworth, Census Learning 2) Hare, R. D, & Newman, C. S. (2006) , Handbook of Pschopathy , New York Gulford Press 3) Illinois Institute for Addiction Recovery, (2005-2009), Proctor Hospital 4) Thomas, J. , & Hensen, M. (2002), Handbook of Mental Health in the Workplace. Thousand Oak, CA: Sage Publication. 5) Ward, K. R. (2004), American Family Physicians, Leawood.