Human Remains Curatorship: Ethical or Academic?

Human Remains Curatorship: Ethical or Academic? Abstract Biological objections are always easily evoked the public concern of ethical issue, especially in human remains. And therefore, museum professionals should treat human remains differently and carefully in curation. The public awareness of ethics is changing from time to time. In the past, audiences did not response the concerns of human remains’ that are exhibited in museums, either with the human bones or an open coffin of Egyptian mummies. In 1998, there was no public comment was made for displaying the human remains of a medieval mother and child in Museum of London, and no one disagreed that a museum curator displays human remains in a glass case would had a problem or would be invidious (Swain, 2002). So how do the museum professionals handle human remains exhibitions? Controversial topic of human remains display in UK museums The collections of human remains in museums were becoming sensitive topics over the last thirty years beginning from Western countries (Jenkins, 2003). Museums in Australia and the North America began to response to the repatriation demands about a decade ago, which was given a pressure in the UK or any other western countries to debate this topic sincerely (Appleton, 2002). The focus of ethical concern on human remains is mainly associated with indigenous groups and social changes (Jenkins, 2011). London Bodies exhibition The Museum of London performed London Bodies exhibition in October 1998 to February 1999 (Swain, 2002). The aim of this exhibition was tracing the change of appearance of Londoners since prehistoric times by presented archaeological evidence from human skeletal remains which was drawn upon a very large collection about 18,000 human skeletons (Swain, 2002). The design of London Bodies exhibition was involved a diverse team of specialists including osteologists, curators, designers, press, PR staff and conservators, and also a team of external consultants (Swain, 2002). The exhibition team took careful decisions on how to balance the respect for the human remains and the motivations for the exhibition as well as the display approach (Curtis, 2003). The team put up three very clear warnings outside to ensure people noticed the warning before entering to the exhibition and did not allow children and school parties went into the exhibition without accompanying adults (Swain, 2002). Swain quoted a viewpoint from Parker Pearson’s paper â€Å"Ethics and the dead in British archaeology† that British responses to dead bodies are ambivalent, contradictory and inconsistent and is related to the way how the human remains are treated (Swain, 2002). Swain mentioned the views of London Bodies were conflict. Some of the views from university archaeologists were negative who had have experience of working in North America or Australia where the cultural background of native people believe the disturbance of the dead is unacceptable and unethical (Swain, 2002) but Swain argued that people should not just follow a single set of standards for all human remains display with different cultural background (Swain, 2002). The visitor comments of London Bodies were mostly positive which was given a supporting figure to show that London society did not have a big problem with the display of human remains in an exhibition (Curtis, 2003). The Lindow Man exhibition at Manchester Museum A 2,000 year old man at Lindow Moss near Wilmslow, Manchester, UK was discovered in 1984 who had suffered a violent death (Sitch, 2008). This discovery was provided precious evidence to archaeologists and forensic scientists about the life of people during the late Iron Age and early Roman period (Sitch, 2008). The recent exhibition of Lindow Man a Bog Body Mystery in The Manchester Museum was exhibited in April 2008 to April 2009. This was not the first time exhibition of Lindow Man at The Manchester Museum. Therefore, eight specially-selected contributors proposed new interpretations of Lindow Man in order to explore different meanings to different people (Sitch, 2008). The museum adopted a polyvocal approach aiming to increase sensitivity towards human remains within society more generally by putting alongside of a selection of some the finest Iron Age artefacts and personal items from the British Museum and the Manchester Museum collections, as well as speaker’s testimony from interviews. (Sitch, 2008). However, the polyvocal approach of displaying Lindow Man was aroused unexpected controversy (Sitch, 2008). Some visitors were confused by the polyvocal approach, they did not understand what the museum wanted to express and some visitors were disappointed of the innovative design and expressed that the innovative design was an insult to the ancient dead body (Sitch, 2008). Stich concluded the experience of Lindow Man a Bog Body Mystery exhibition has brought some important lessons to the museum that is good for future reference on how to curate human remains. Importance of public consultation and design review at the development process should be involved in planning an exhibition of human remains even though the academic response of this exhibition was widely favorable (Sitch, 2008). Commercial human body exhibitions Apart from the museum exhibitions of human remains, there is commercial human body exhibitions were emerged since the late 1990s. The original and famous human body exhibition is Body Worlds. Body Worlds is the original commercial travelling exhibitions of real human bodies round the world which is formed by a German anatomist Gunther von Hagens. Gunther von Hagnes claimed that the primary mission of Body Worlds exhibition is health education, leading public audiences to have a better understanding of their bodies and awareness of better health (Institute for Plastination, 2006-2014). With displaying a numbers of real human specimens by his own preservation technique called plastination, including whole-body plastinates as well as individual organs, organ systems and transparent body slices in every single exhibition (Institute for Plastination, 2006-2014). In addition to displaying body plastinates and organs, Body Worlds exhibition does also present some usual health information in an easily understood manner such as displaying healthy and unhealthy organs side by side for audiences to observe the difference (Institute for Plastination, 2006-2014). They show a smoker lung alongside with a non-smoker lung to show the difference between two organs in order to passing a message of healthy life. They also demonstrate the structure of artificial knee and hip joints to let the audiences to observe their function (Institute for Plastination, 2006-2014). Art or Science? Unlikely traditional human remains exhibitions in museums, the presentation of body plastinates in Body Worlds is diversified, in between art and science. The plastinated exhibits not only to show the structure of human body through various forms of anatomical presentation, from exhibiting whole-body plasinates to organs specimen in glass cases and body slices, but also make use of resilience of plastinated bodies to show the different posture of human activities such as dancing, runningetc. and also mimic some classical pose in famous movie such as Titanic Couple. Admittedly, the presentation of plastinated bodies in â€Å"artistic† way can reduce the fear of real human dead bodies displaying in front of the public and strengthen the interaction of the audiences and plastinated specimens, but also lead audiences generate an illusion that the specimen in the Body Worlds exhibition are kinds of art. I criticise the presentation approach of Body Worlds is contradicted to the primary mission of the exhibition which emphasizes health education and science. Referring to the visitor comments from Body Worlds official websites and other public discussion boards, the visitor comments of Body Worlds are two poles but more on positive side. Positive comments are mostly focus on the displaying approach of specimens which is amazing art but do not get much information on health, while negative comments are concerning human bodies are commercialized and are not be respected. In 2011, Body Worlds the Cycle of Life was held in National Taiwan Science Education Center Museum Exhibitions. The aim of this exhibition was â€Å"educate the public about the beauty and fragility of the body, while The Cycle of Life focuses on the process of aging† (Lin, 2011). However, some Taiwanese scholars argued that the whole presentation is an art, public cannot learn anything about human body or receive any health messages from this exhibition, only with very simple explanation text on each specimen. â€Å"It is not a science education†¦..they emphasize education is just for hyping topic for earning admission fees by attracting more visitors† commented by a Taiwanese professor of Medicine who was involved in Body Worlds Taipei exhibition in 2011 (Kuo, 2012). Another issue that was debated before the grand opening of Body Worlds the Cycle of Life at Taipei in 2011 was the two sets of sexual plastinated specimens, which were planning to be displayed in the show. These two sets of sexual plastinated specimens were sparked controversy (Kuo, 2012). The debate was polarized, the supporting side argued that the exhibition is prohibited for age under 18 entry so there is no harm for displaying something about sex; the opponents refuted is the sexual display is only a gimmick and questioned is there something inside so called â€Å"education† of the sexual display? At the end of the discussion, the two sets of sexual plastinated specimens finally did not present in the exhibition (Kuo, 2012). Photo 1) a plastinated exhibit in Body Worlds the Cycle of Life, Taipei, 2011 The photo is downloaded from National Taiwan Science Education Center official website The founder of Body Worlds, Gunther von Hagens, who was born in East German and was in two years imprisonment by East German authorities for political reasons (Institute for Plastination, 2006-2014). His identity evokes the public sensible emotion of which to connect the horrible human experiments at East German in WWII (Kuo, 2012). Moreover, a rumor about the source of plastinated bodies aroused suspicion and controversy. Question of bodies’ source? There was a pregnant woman plastinated body exhibited in the show of Body Worlds the Cycle of Life in Asia. This plastinated specimen touched off a rumor in China regarding to the political struggle in Communist Party of China. This rumor also raised up a concern on human corpse source in human body shows around the world. Photo 2) Chinese pregnant woman at Body Worlds The photo is downloaded from http://bodyworldspictures.blogspot.hk/ The Chinese public suspected the young pregnant woman plastinated exhibit with mature fetus in the current Body Worlds show might belong to Zhang Weijie, a former mistress of the disgraced politician Bo Xilai who went missing (Staff Reporter , 2012). Zhang Weijie was a well-known news reporter of Dalian Television. People pointed out that the skull shape of pregnant woman exhibit looks like Zhang and the near mature embryo inside the body is not possible to be the result of an abortion (Staff Reporter , 2012). Some suspect that Gunther von Hagens had a special connection with Bo Xilai and therefore his had been set up his largest human body plastination factory in Dalian because Dalian government does not have any laws against the processing and exporting of corpses when Von Hagens was keeping a special relationship with the mayor of Dalian, Bo Xilai (Staff Reporter , 2012). There is another rumor that Dalian factory has been closed down since Bo Xilai has experienced his dramatic downfall in 2013. à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ In 2008, ABC news reported a secret trade in Chines bodies which rose up a concern on the source of Chinese bodies was come from executed prisoners without consent (Ross, Brian; Schwartz, Rhonda; Schecter, Anna;, 2008). In an interview on the ABC News program 20/20† with Von Hagnes, he dined all accusation and claimed that all Chinese bodies were given to him by a medical school in China to plastinate for teaching models and he emphasized in the interview all Chinese bodies have never put on public display and the bodies from overseas were given by donors (Ross, Brian; Schwartz, Rhonda; Schecter, Anna;, 2008). Public concerns on ethical issues Other than the controversy of the source of fresh corpses, the human â€Å"artwork† in Body Worlds triggers a different moral stance on social and personal disputes. The dynamic expressions and body vocabulary, death seems to have become lyrical and poetic. The moral nature of death is expelled by art expressions triggers a discussion of human body whether or not should be treated in this way. Under the aura of health education in science and aesthetics, it is filled with the smell of commerce with rendering promotional strategy (Kuo, 2012). Referring to Body Worlds official website, human plastinated specimens are available on purchase (Institute for Plastination, 2006-2014). Although the company emphasizes the trade is only limited to â€Å"qualified users†, this activity commercialise human specimens which are claimed to be collected by donors. Is this commercial trading activity has betrayed the original intention of donors? Although the exhibitions of plastinated bodies are controversial, a numbers of companies have been involved in the hugely profitable shows since the late 1990s (Schwatrz, 2010). Conclusion â€Å"Human remains can reveal information about historic patterns of migration, lifestyle and disease† said by Tiffany Jenkins (Jenkins, 2003). Issues concerning the legally state of body sources and ethical controversy about the use of human remains for public exhibitions have been emerged in museums, cultural authorities and commercial exhibition companies. Museums should take into consideration of different factors such as design, interpretation, management, knowledge and morality when planning new exhibitions regarding human remains. Public response to human remains exhibitions was mixed. Comparing to the case study of The London Bodies in The Museum of London and Lindow Man in The Museum of Manchester, museum audiences tend to accept the traditional approach of exhibiting human remains which is solemn, respectful, carefully treated and imitate the traditional burial mode. Conversely, museum audiences, especially those conservative visitors, dislike innovative approach exhibition of human remains. Innovative is easily to connected to dishonor, disgrace, affront and unethical. However, the interesting point from above stories is that visitors did not feel more antipathetic to Body Worlds exhibitions that allowed audiences to have a close contact with plastinated human remains which are made by fresh corpses, than The London Bodies exhibition in The Museum of London and Lindow Man exhibition with polyvocal approach in The Manchester museum. Although most people expect to see human remains in museums, with changing attitudes towards human remains in society, museum professionals need to re-examine the display and treatment of human remains (Jenkins, 2011). However, the dividing line between acceptance and unacceptance is difficult to define. This is a struggle between public morals and academic studies. Jenkins argued that it is very dangerous if the dividing line is inclined towards the moral side, since human remains provide valuable material memory of past people and past times regarding human evidence, and benefit for today society such as informing changes in dental, surgical and medical practice (Jenkins, 2003). On the other hand, if we only emphasis on academic studies or education without considering ethical issues, such as the concern of the commercialise issue of human remains in Body Worlds, it will be dangerous too. Whatever the dividing line is inclined on either one side could result a profound impact. Therefore, balancing ethical concerns and academic studies may be a key for curating human remains. But what is an appropriate exhibition of human remains? There is no certain answer as the public reaction is emotional and is changed by social values. This question would always be haunted museum curators. Bibliography Anon., 2011. Dr. Gunther von Hagens, Body Plastination at Body Worlds.. [Online] Available at: http://bodyworldspictures.blogspot.hk/ [Accessed 23 3 2014]. Anon., 2011. National Taiwan Science Education Center. [Online] Available at: http://www.ntsec.gov.tw/User/Article.aspx?a=852 [Accessed 24 3 2014]. Appleton, J., 2002. Spiked Culture. [Online] Available at: www.spiked-online.com/Articles/00000006DB8A.htm [Accessed 15 3 2014]. Curtis, N., 2003. Human remains: the sacred, museums and archaeology. Public Archaeology Vol. 3, pp. 21-32. Institute for Plastination, 2006-2014. Body Worlds. [Online] Available at: http://www.bodyworlds.com/en.html [Accessed 22 3 2014]. Jenkins, T., 2003. Burying the evidence. [Online] Available at: http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/00000006DFDE.htm [Accessed 15 3 2014]. Jenkins, T., 2011. Contesting Human Remains in Museum Collections: the contribution of a crisis of cultural authority. [Online] Available at: http://www.materialworldblog.com/?s=contesting+human+remains+in+museum+collections [Accessed 13 3 2014]. Kuo, J.-K., 2012. Corporality and Boundary-work: Museum Exhibitions of Real Human Bodies in Taiwan. Taiwan Museology Quarterly Vol. 26(3), 19 7, pp. 7-20. Lin, K., 2011. Highlight: Body Worlds The Cycle of Life. [Online] Available at: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2011/07/01/2003507115 [Accessed 22 3 2014]. Ross, Brian; Schwartz, Rhonda; Schecter, Anna;, 2008. Exclusive: Secret Trade in Chinese Bodies. [Online] Available at: http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/exclusive-secret-trade-chinese-bodies/story?id=4291334 [Accessed 22 3 2014]. Sitch, B., 2008. Courting controversy the Lindow Man exhibition at the Manchester Museum. UMAC Journal, 16th-20th 9. Staff Reporter , 2012. Netizens suggest Bo Xilais former mistress on display in Body Worlds. [Online] Available at: http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?id=20120819000054cid=1101 [Accessed 23 3 2014]. Swain, H., 2002. The ethics of displaying human remains from British archaeological sites. Public Archaeology Vol. 2 , pp. 95-100. 1

Carnegie, the Selfish Philanthropist

Andrew Carnegie, The Selfish Philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, born on November 25, 1835, was a Scottish philanthropist who was one of the richest men in America in the 1900's. I completely agree with Carnegie's opinion of how the rich should donate their money toward the good of mankind before they die, but disagree with his actions toward his workers . He started working in a cotton mill making $1. 20 a week only to upgrade to $2. 20 working as a messenger boy. He eventually taught himself telegraphy and worked as Thomas A. Scott's assistant for $35 a month.He moved on to investing, with the help from his â€Å"mentor† Scott, in the Woodruff Sleeping Car Company and several small iron mills and factories. He was so successful that he was able to buy an industry of iron products. This investment brought him to buy a piece of land and build a steel manufacturing factory on it. With the millions he made, he visited Scotland often to see his family. Carnegie thought it was a good idea to put most of the money that he made back into the community. He gave his money away through public programs, which was a little overwhelming for him it seems.He cut the wages of his workers to provide more money for him to put back into his programs. There was a strike that broke out which caused his second in command to hire immigrants. This changed Carnegie's reputation. It also influenced him to retire and sell all of his holdings to J. P. Morgan for a sum of 480 Million dollars. Over the course of the rest of his lifetime, he ended up giving away 350 million dollars. He encouraged other fortune holders to do the same as him. John D. Rockefeller was one of the few that followed his Idea. Carnegie had great intentions.Carnegie believed that â€Å"a man who dies rich dies disgraced. † He explains this as the wealthy who die wealthy , did nothing with their wealth to better mankind. His thinking was influenced by Herbert Spencer, who was a social Darwinist. Carnegie ag reed with Spencer's â€Å"survival of the fittest† belief. He felt that there existed superior people who would be classified as â€Å"fittest† (this included himself). Carnegie mainly donated money to his interests in the community. His love for learning was something that fed his â€Å"charitable mind. † He funded the building of 2,509 libraries before he ended this program in 1917.His interest in music is what gave him the idea to donate pipe organs to churches despite his lack of faith in a religion. The establishment of the Carnegie Foundation was something founded by Carnegie, to continue to give after his passing, after finding out that he would not be able to spend his fortune in his lifetime. Some examples of people that agree with Carnegie would be Bill Gates and Warren Buffet. Bill Gates and Warren buffet created â€Å"The Giving Pledge† which was an agreement among 57 billionaires to donate half of their fortunes during their lifetimes.Their t houghts were intertwined with Carnegie's thoughts of giving back to the community and improving the quality of life for human beings. An example of someone that disagrees with Carnegie would be Teddy Roosevelt. Teddy Roosevelt-â€Å"if Carnegie had employed his fortune and his time to doing justice to the steelworkers who gave him his fortune, he would have accomplished a thousand times what he accomplished. † Roosevelt is referring to Carnegie giving to the good of mankind, while at the same time hurting his own workers by undermining them with less pay.If someone like Carnegie wanted to help the community and make life better for mankind, he should start with his own company. I agree and disagree with Carnegie. I agree that the rich should devote some of their riches toward the benefits of mankind before they die/as they live their life, but agree with Roosevelt's argument toward Carnegie's ruthless strategies of cutting his own workers pay just to put more money toward his â€Å"giving†. The reason that the wealthy should put some of their wealth back into the community is because that is where they made their money.Without other people to buy, sell, or trade, where would the wealthy get their wealth? This also prevents the family member or the heirs of the inheritance to be spoiled. Carnegie had a great point for doing this. For some strange reason, Carnegie cut the wages of his steel workers while at the same time putting money toward public programs that would benefit mankind. He even stated that he could put more use of that money than the workers ever could, which is ridiculously egotistical and rude. By not giving his workers a fair wage, he was hurting the economy. Our economy is based off of consumers spending their money.In my honest opinion, I think Carnegie is a selfish attention seeking mastermind. He seems very sensitive to what other people think of him. Don't get me wrong, he sounds like a nice, caring, and independent man. His intentions though, are outweighed by the means and basis for his profit: unfair and underpaid labor. The money that he made from his steel factory was ironically against his â€Å"giving† attitude that he was trying to generate. I think that after he realized that he would never have to worry about his financial situation ever again, he focused on becoming a public figure and cared about the public opinion of himself.An example to prove this would be how he reacted to the steel strikes. While he was visiting Scotland, his next in command (Henry Clay Frick) replaced all of the strikers with immigrants. This action is said to have caused the death of 10 men. Carnegie took the blame and lost positive reputation. He later retired by selling all of his assets (Probably to further the steel factory from being associated to his name) and continued to give his money away to recover from his lost reputation. (This is what I think anyway). Carnegie had the right idea to donate his mone y to a better cause, but used the wrong means to get there.I agreed with his method, but not his means. Works Cited: 1 . † Andrew Carnegie. † 2012. Biography. com 24 Oct 2012, 12:51http://www. biography. com/people/andrew-carnegie-9238756 2. Mills, Harry. â€Å"Andrew Carnegie: Master deal maker and robber baron. †Ã‚  The Naked Negotiator. The Mills Group, 24 2009. Web. 24 Oct 2012. ;http://blog. millsonline. com/2009/08/24/andrew-carnegie-master-deal-maker-and-robber-baron/;. 3. . â€Å"Spreading gospels of wealth. †Ã‚  The Economist. SANTA BARBARA | from the print edition | United States, 19 2012. Web. 24 Oct 2012. ;http://www. economist. com/node/21555605;.

Research Paper about Lockers

We really appreciate their presence because without them, we would not be able to improve our research paper. Last but not the least, is our loving and forgiving heavenly Father for giving us knowledge, wisdom and a lot of things we need to make for the completion Of this research possible. Introduction Most students nowadays prefer to do things in haste and in the easiest way, not thinking the consequences they could bring. During schooldays, students prefer to use sling bags instead of using backpacks. That is why they come to the point that they demand a locker, so they can secure their valuables at school.Through this, students would either gain or lose trust to others when leaving their things in their own lockers, not knowing what might happen when they are not around. On the other hand, they would also develop a sense of responsibility in maintaining the cleanliness and security of their own gadgets and school paraphernalia entrusted to them. Lockers are designed for the secur ity of valuable things they often bring at school. Lockers in International Christian School of Dave [ICED] are being criticized by both students and teachers not knowing that this facility could change meson's perspective.Statement of the Problem The main purpose of this research is to help the students know the significance of a simple storage box they call as locker. This one significant locker can be the source of mode in their studies. The following questions must be answered after conducting the research: 1 . Why locker is considered important? 2. What are the suggestions or demands for the improvement of lockers? Objectives of the Research TO determine the importance Of lockers for students To know the students' opinion regarding the improvement of lockers Significance of the ResearchThis research will help the problem of students through high percentage of having back and neck pains. In addition, this will also reduce the chances of students leaving their learning tools at h ome. Scopes and Limitations This research focuses on the gathered data based from the answers of all students in International Christian School of Dave who use lockers. This also focuses on the significance of locker and why it is considered as an important matter to be discussed. Definition of Terms 1 . Locker – normally quite narrow, of varying heights and tier arrangements.It is usually equipped with a lock. It is usually intended for the short or long term private use of individuals for storing clothing or other personal items 2. Self storage – an industry in which storage space such as room or locker is rented to tenants, usually on a short-term basis Review of Related Literature Lockers are usually a small storage component customarily shaped as a rectangle and is metal, which simply designed for leaving stuffs with security. Usually, it's a single tier or two tiers. Every locker is never without its padlock or lock combinations.Lockers are usually placed besides the hallway and are found together with the other lockers in the row. Crisp, 2011) In the busy schedule of students due to their projects, assignments, or seat works, lockers are absolutely a necessity for most of them. It is also a very good place to stock valuable stuffs (mostly cellular phones, gadgets, lunches, extra money, emergency shirts, and other school stuffs) because they can get the privacy and security they want depending on how they use it and how they organize it.Most schools usually managed to set the number of lockers depending on the total student population they are expecting or they need, and is usually more affordable depending on its size but most likely pending on the school's finance management. (Proponents, 2013) Some students agreed that, locker is important and provided some known benefits in having them. However, the opposing party said locker is not necessary to have and provided its disadvantages.Here some of those explanations given: Disadvantages of Having a Locker Cannot refer on the Books at home while it's left on the locker Leaving books on the school locker is not a very good thing to do. Students won't be able to refer on their books for assignments and obviously wont be able to study some lessons ahead of time, which most likely causes them to ratiocinate. (Chelsea, 2007) Get in the crowd during dismissal time Instead of going directly to their classrooms or going straight home, they still need to go to their locker with the other students who are also busy with their lockers or just people talking in the hallway.This might also cause students or even teachers from being late to their classes. (Chelsea, 2007) Problems with the Locks Students always encounter this kind of issue because of misplacing their keys or forgetting their password combinations. This would be a pain in the neck especially when your lock is very hard to be pick or jam. Chelsea, 2007) Foods Left behind will Spoil Some students still left their lunch boxes (if they bring one) in their lockers. They find it disturbing or think it might be a bother if they bring it around all day.Bad thing is there's a possibility they might left it Or forgot about it which causes the food to spoil and might create mold and smells in the hallway especially leftovers. (Chelsea, 2007) Can be Stored for some Illegal Objects Teenagers these days, especially boys, tend to think that being a goon makes them look cooler. And about most of them brings deadly or prohibited paeans or objects in school. These objects includes: guns, knife, mini tool kit, illegal drugs, pornography materials, and other things related to it.In United States, the National Education Association (NEE) is performing locker searches every weekend to ensure the safeness of all the students and school staffs. It was to make sure everything in the locker is not harmful or not against the rules and regulations of NEE and the school itself. However, in Philippines, there are no known po licies or regulation about things to be considered in having a locker. (Cornell, 2013) Advantages in Having a Locker Doesn't need to carry heavy bags Children and teenagers should not carry backpacks which weigh about more than 15% of their respective body weights.It can affect the movement of our spines and may cause musculoskeletal problems that the books students carry are getting thicker which means getting heavier. In this students must have. (Patella, 2013) Won't leave the books at home The students have a locker does not mean they do not need to bring their books at home. It is much better to bring those books you just really need so you will just have lighter things to carry in the next school day. Also, in leaving hose others books at your locker, at least would not forgot to bring your book when there are surprise activities, readings or seawater. Patella, 2013) Safe Storage Everything you have on your locker is only safe when you protected it with a durable lock. Lockers are the only known safest place in where the students can put their things when they are in school, especially when bringing things such as musical instruments, props, and other equipment you really need. Though, this would only work on bigger lockers. Which means the school should consider the size of the lockers basing on the programs and different lubes which needed some individual equipment. Patella, 2013) Developing Responsibilities Everything a student put in his/her locker is all the students' responsibility, on how to keep the lockers safe and how to maintain it. By having a locker, a student will be able to develop his/her responsibilities in things such as organizing, memorizing the password combination or keeping in-mind in bringing the key, and being a able to manage him/herself in. This teaches students about social responsibility and etiquette. (Spineless, 2013) Time Management Managing time is Very important especially in the student's education.One just manage time, never waste it, and make plans for something that is relevant to the future. Just like in having a locker, the students need to manage their time on taking and putting books back in forth in their lockers after every class or breaks. This will prevent them from being late. (Spineless, 2013) Heavy Bags Children and teenagers are still in the developing stage of their body. It is advisable that if possible, only 15% percent of our body should be the limit of the things we carry. Counterpart would cause injuries to the body. These injuries include back pains, neck pains, shoulder strain, and general exhaustion.Patella, 201 3) Larger Lockers Most students in every institution demand a larger locker in which the things they mostly use in school wouldn't need an extra space in their classroom. This would let them bring heavy or large necessary things in school. This would also let them have personal things in their locker too. However, this would take up space in school on which is only l imited. Also, smaller locker sizes are intended to limit the students from being Irresponsible for their lockers. (Kevin, 201 1) Locker Searches Teenagers these days can be very violent. We never know that they have been bringing illegal items to their schools.There are already guilty students that have been found bringing illegal items at school such as guns, illegal drugs, and other deadly weapons; which merely means that this Locker Search policy is very helpful and needed in every school. Locker Searches is scheduled every month in school, assigned persons were tasked to perform an investigation in each lockers in a school and makes sure there are no illegal things inside it. Policy 1005 â€Å"School Locker Use and Locker Searches† which is signed last November 20, 2004 and first implemented by the Yukon Education Public School Branch and now spreading across the world.It is not, forever, yet implemented in the Philippines and there is also no known policy or law against freedom use of lockers. (Moore, 2004) Data Gathering All of the ICED high school students who rent a locker were asked to answer the 8 questions we formulated. This was to know their opinions and thoughts about the main topic of this research. 1. For you, what is the advantage of having a locker? Body would not suffer for carrying lots of stuffs Stuffs would not be left at home and would come in handy when needed during classes Organize the personal space with your own stuff 2.For you, what is the disadvantage of having a locker? Cannot study when books are left at school People can break into it and steal your stuffs Provides a place in keeping concealed weapons and other illegal materials 3. What stuff do you generally put in the locker? Books – Clothes 4. Do you feel that the things in your locker are secured? Yes – No 5. Does the locker's price fit its size? 6. Is the locker expensive or affordable? Expensive – Affordable 7. Is there anything you want to sug gest for the improvement of the lockers?Bigger locker that fit with its price- Affordable price – Bigger lockers 8. What is your main purpose of having a locker? Reduce weight Of baggage Safe storage – personal space Interpretation of Data 1. For you, what is the advantage of having a locker? Based from the survey conducted, 12% or 6 out of 50 persons believe that an advantage in using a locker is being able to organize the personal space with their own stuffs. 24% or 12 out of 50 persons believe that another advantage in using a locker is that their stuffs would not be left at home and would come in handy when needed during classes.A 64% or 32 out of 50 persons, which is the majority of the students who were surveyed, believe that using a locker would not let their body suffer from carrying lots of stuffs which may cause ace and neck pains. Based from the survey conducted, 6% or 3 out of 50 persons believe that a disadvantage in using a locker is that it provides a pl ace in keeping concealed weapons and other illegal materials. 28% or 14 out of 50 persons believe that another disadvantage in using a locker is the tendency that people can break into the lockers and steal their stuffs.A 66% or 33 out of 50 persons, which is the majority of the students who were surveyed, doubt to have a locker for it can be a cause for students not to be able to study because of the tendency that their books would be left inside the locker. 3. What stuff do you generally put in your locker? Based from the survey conducted, 4% or 2 out of 50 persons put clothes inside their lockers. On the other hand, 96% or 48 out of 50 persons put books inside their lockers so that they may lessen their baggage when going to school.Based from the survey conducted, 40% or 20 out of 50 persons feel that their things in the locker are not secured since some of the lockers do not have locks. On the contrary, 60% or 30 out of 50 persons believe that the things in their locker are abso lutely secured. Based from the survey conducted, 24% or 12 out of 50 persons believe that he locker's price just fits its size. On the other hand, 76% or 38 out of 50 persons believe that the locker's price does not fit its size because the price is totally expensive, but the lockers space is too small.Based from the survey conducted, 24% or 12 out of 50 persons find the lockers affordable while 76% or 38 out of 50 persons find the lockers expensive to be used for only one school year. Based from the survey conducted, 6% or 3 out of 50 persons want to have bigger lockers because they want to have single or double tier lockers. 34% or 17 out of 50 persons want to have lockers with affordable price. Lastly, 60% or 0 out of 50 persons want to have both bigger and affordable lockers. 8. What is your main purpose of having a locker?Based from the survey conducted, 12% or 6 out of 50 persons wanted to have a locker for personal space which is used to keep all their materials needed at sch ool. 28% or 14 out of 50 persons wanted to have a locker for safe storage. A 60% or 30 out of 50 person, which is the majority of the students who were surveyed, wanted to have a locker to reduce the weight of baggage that may cause misalignments of bones, back and neck pains. Conclusion Most of the students in ICED think that locker is absolutely important because t provides personal space for each student.In addition, it would lessen back and neck pains caused by carrying heavy baggage. However, the students suggest that changes should be pertaining to the lockers. First, the students demand for a bigger locker so that they would be able to put things such as musical instruments, props and sports equipments in it. Second, the students demand for much affordable price that fit with the locker's size which means the price should be acceptable with its own size. Third, the students demand that each locker should have a lock so that they would be able to use their lockers for the enti re school year.

Essay on Extreme Gambling Addiction or Obsession

Gambling in the United States seems to be as American as apple pie. Going to the convenience store to pick up your weekly lottery ticket, then day dreaming about what you would do if you won. I have actually calculated how much I would give to each family member, how many houses I would buy and trips I would take. Once a year I take my wife to the casino for her birthday. We take a couple hundred dollars and spend all night at the roulette table, then end the night at the slot machine. It can be an expensive and rewarding night out. I mean we spend all year paying bills, saving money, and taking care of our children, so one night out is deserved. Now could you imagine if that one night out turned into once a month, then once a week,†¦show more content†¦The Relief and Escape Gambler is someone who uses gambling to make them happy. They will spend time gambling after anything stressful or if things aren’t going their way. The Compulsive Gambler is where Seriou s Social gambling often leads to. Gambling will consume them. They will start blowing off work, family and friends. Often times this will lead to criminal behavior to support the habit. Last is the Anti-Social Gambler. This person has already been living a life of crime, so robbery or fraud is nothing new to them. These people often fix games or cheat to win as well. Problem gamblers are usually Men, high rollers/large losses, with an income of less then $10K per year. The average debt of a problem gambler will exceed $55K or $15K for women. The divorce rates are twice as high, and suicide rates are twenty times higher for a problem gambler; in fact one in five problem gamblers will attempt suicide. Research done by Keith Whyte (Executive Director of National Council on Problem Gambling) shows; that gambling addictions are not about being greedy, but the act of â€Å"winning† is what they crave. â€Å"For someone with a gambling problem, money becomes less importa nt† Says Whyte, â€Å"Money is the substance they abuse, but it’s the action of gambling that keeps them hooked†. Do you ever wonder if you might have a problem; or suspect that a loved one may? A few of the characteristics, due to the secretive nature of gambling, can be difficult toShow MoreRelatedHow Gambling Should Be Made Illegal1590 Words   |  7 Pages2010, the gambling industry in Canada was worth over $15 billion dollars (Derek Miedeva)! That means that thousands of Canadians gamble each month. Most gambling is done within a casino, consisting of slot machines, poker tables, etc. Another way to gamble includes buying lottery tickets and simply making a bet with a friend. People who gamble take a chance. 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